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<i>Methods</i>. Contributions, potentials and characteristics of agriculture in Ethiopia The contributions of agriculture in Ethiopia The Ethiopian economy is an agrarian economy. Agriculture is the mainstay of the Ethiopian economy, contributing 41.4% of the country's gross domestic product (GDP), 83.9% of the total exports, and 80% of all employment in the country (Matousa, Todob, & Mojoc, 2013). Ethiopia's development plan has laid out enhancing agricultural production and productivity as one of the . Meat and milk yields are low and losses high, especially among calves and young stock. Furthermore, cropping has become more intensive and needs more labour; the establishment of exclosures and the expansion of cropland have led to less grazing grounds. Agricultural equipment and systems, such as tractors, irrigation equipment, and grain handling Infrastructure like, silos, cold storage facilities, etc. fINTENSIVE FARMING. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. To evaluate the genetic diversity of Ethiopian potato cultivars, and to assess their relationship with germplasm from North America, Europe and the International Potato Center (CIP), 8303 SNP markers were used to characterize 44 local Ethiopian cultivars, as well as . More background information on the cotton situation in Ethiopia can be found in our cotton report from 2019/20. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability 11(4): 301-316. Livestock and Livestock Characteristics(Private Peasant Holdings) 2020/ The Blue Nile from Ethiopia originating form Lake Tana and the White Nile that originated form Lake Victoria merge into the Great Nile River at Khartoum, the Sudan capital to form the longest river of the world draining to the Mediterranean Sea.The Blue Nile Falls is one . Agriculture accounts for most of (30- 42%) of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the country. 2. For instance, according to the World Bank between 1980 and 1987 agricultural production dropped at an annual rate of 2.1 percent, while the population grew at an annual rate of 2.4 percent. Where the topography permits, they are suitable for farming. Skip to Article Content; Skip to Article Information; Search within. ", Table D.2. y's natural potential, the agricultural performance remains weak; high dependency on rain-fed Consequently, the country faced a famine that resulted in the death of nearly 1 million people from 1984 to 1986. In Wollo Province, for example, there were an estimated 111 types of land tenure. Top 3 Exported Goods (2021): Coffee & Spices, Vegetables, and Oil Seeds. With about 117 million people (2021), Ethiopia is the second most populous nation in Africa after Nigeria, and still the fastest growing economy in the region, with 6.3% growth in FY2020/21. Beef exports are also growing, with additional market opportunities on the horizon. In Ethiopia, agriculture is started during the Neolithic revolution era, ten thousand years ago. There was much debate as to whether or not these reforms were genuine and how effectively they could be implemented. The agriculture sector is projected to grow at 6.2% per annum over the next ten years. It is roughly 7 and a half years behind the Gregorian calendar. In 20062007 (the latest year available), exports of chat accounted for 25% of export earnings (or 8oo million Birr). The main objective of this review is to indicate the policy gaps in terms of access . Abstract and Figures. The process meant not only smaller farms but also the fragmentation of holdings, which were often scattered into small plots to give families land of comparable quality. For the later two Regions, estimated numbers vary greatly between conventional and aerial censuses, but total less than 15% of the non-nomadic Regions. The major binding constraints of the sector are insufficient yields due to inefficient provision of inputs and services, unclear land lease rights, limited investment in R&D and irrigation, marketing and logistics related problems, and lack of agriculture-specific financial services. Ethiopia's agriculture is plagued by periodic drought, soil degradation[1] caused by overgrazing, deforestation, high levels of taxation and poor infrastructure (making it difficult and expensive to get goods to market). Sandy desert soils cover much of the arid lowlands in the northeast and in the Ogaden of southeastern Ethiopia. In addition, the rugged topography of the highlands, the brief but extremely heavy rainfalls that characterize many areas, and centuries-old farming practices that do not include conservation measures have accelerated soil erosion in much of Ethiopia's highland areas. Land Use Distribution and Change in Lake Tana Sub Basin -- 23. Potato is an increasingly important crop in Ethiopia, but the origin of local cultivars grown throughout the country is unknown. Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia | Data and Statistics - Knoema However, production is constrained in part by outdated ginneries and limited availability of quality inputs, including seed, fertilizer, and pest control agents. Oilseeds of lesser significance include castor beans, rapeseed, peanuts, and safflower and sunflower seeds. Over the centuries, deforestation, overgrazing, and practices such as cultivation of slopes not suited to agriculture have eroded the soil, a situation that worsened considerably during the 1970s and 1980s, especially in Eritrea, Tigray, and parts of Gondar and Wollo. Contribution of Agriculture in The Ethiopian Economy: a Time-varying Ploughing the land using these tools is ambiguous and time-consuming. Both animals have high sales value in urban centers, particularly during holidays such as Easter and New Year's Day. According to the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), Ethiopia's GDP growth rate will increase by around 7.8% to 10% by 2023. Facing a Foreign Trade AD/CVD or Safeguard Investigation? Export sales of U.S. cotton are expected as demand increases. Under the current administration, the GOE has renewed its emphasis to develop the agriculture sector, ensure food security, and achieve import substition. Agriculture as a key element for the development of other sectors 3 3. Opportunities also exist for agricultural inputs and systems used to grow and process cotton into textile and apparel. [7], Inaccessibility, water shortages, and infestations of disease-causing insects, mainly mosquitoes, prevented the use of large parcels of potentially productive land. Ethiopia: Urban Agriculture and Poverty Alleviation - allAfrica.com In Ethiopia's lowlands, for example, the presence of malaria kept farmers from settling in many areas. Brighter Green, 6. [17], Ethiopia's flower industry has become a new source for export revenue. Ethiopia - Agricultural Sector - International Trade Administration Agriculture, which constituted 46 percent of GDP and more than 80 percent of exports, is by far the most important economic activity in the Ethiopian economy. These activities have contributed to higher yields and increased production of both crops and livestock. Barley is cultivated mostly between 2,000 and 3,500 meters in Ethiopia. Culture of Ethiopia - history, people, traditions, women, beliefs, food In order to address the ongoing drought, the GOE is renewing its emphasis on developing the countrys irrigation systems and water-harvesting methodologies. The AMC set quotas of grain purchases to be delivered by peasant associations and cooperatives and also bought from private wholesalers, who were required to sell half of their purchases at predetermined prices. What are the main characteristic of Ethiopian agriculture activities Additional investment opportunities are expected in the textile and garment sector as well as cotton production. Agriculture in the Lake Tana Sub-Basin of Ethiopia -- 24. As many as 4.6 million people need food assistance annually and agriculture in Ethiopia is the foundation of the country's economy, accounting for half of the gross domestic product (GDP). Primarily, growth in the market should reach 8.1 percent per year during this time frame. [7], Government attempts to implement land reform also created problems related to land fragmentation, insecurity of tenure, and shortages of farm inputs and tools. Kassaye Tolassa . In addition to wheat, the demand for oilseeds, such as soybeans and Niger seed, is expected to grow as Ethiopias demand for both cooking oil and livestock feed increases. For this reason, some environmental experts maintain that large-scale conservation work in Ethiopia has been ineffective. Among the overall agricultural output produced by an Ethiopian family farm, only 21 percent are sold, highlighting the subsistence-oriented nature of the country's smallholders. Of the 25 World Reference Base/FAO soil orders, 17 exist in Ethiopia. Challenges and prospects of agricultural production and productivity - GRIN In addition, the ten-year development plan aims at boosting agricultural export revenues and substituting imports by reducing production costs. TheInternational Trade Administration,U.S. Department of Commerce, manages this global trade site to provide access to ITA information on promoting trade and investment, strengthening the competitiveness of U.S. industry, and ensuring fair trade and compliance with trade laws and agreements. In fact, over 50% of the daily caloric intake of an average household is from wheat, sorghum, and corn. In early 1990, the government essentially abandoned villagization when it announced new economic policies that called for free-market reforms and a relaxation of centralized planning. The Structure and Performance of the Ethiopian Manufacturing Sector Some of these products, especially the textiles, apparel, leather goods, and finished meat products are targeted for export markets in order to generate foreign exchange. In the case of the textile and apparel sector, a shortage of locally-produced cotton suggests a need for cotton imports, including from the United States. Agriculture as a producer of positive externalities and public goods 2 2.4. Farming In Ethiopia, Agriculture Crops, Livestock In fact, the soybean crushing and soybean oil refining industry is quickly emerging. Agron., 16: 180-195. . Explain The Main Contribution, Potentials, Characteristics, and Pulses, grown widely at all altitudes from sea level to about 3,000 meters, are more prevalent in the northern and central highlands. In 1971 the Ministry of Agriculture introduced the Minimum Package Program (MPP) to bring about economic and social changes. Since then, export earnings from this sector have grown to about US$65 million in 200607 and are projected to double over the next few years. Research on the constraints, characteristics, and performance of the enterprise sector in low-income countries is often constrained by scarcity . In chtse area intensive farming is carried on in limited. ", Tables D.4 D.7. Background Understanding the landscape features of agricultural lands and soil management practices is pertinent to verify the potential and limitations of the soil resources; and devise relevant land management strategies.